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(2015) の手法を適用した場合では、生産関数の係数推定値に無視できない差が生じた。これは、一部の事業者の投入物使用量の調整により同時性が発生し、OLS推定値にバイアスが生じたためであろう。", "subitem_description_language": "ja", "subitem_description_type": "Abstract"}, {"subitem_description": "Because railroad companies adjust input usage according to productivity, ordinary least squares (OLS) estimators of coefficients on production function may be biased due to simutanaity. We estimated production function using panel data from Japanese railroad companies and found that there are non-negligible differences in the coefficient estimates of production function between OLS estimates which cannot address simultaneity and Ackerberg et al. (2015) method estimates which can address simultaneity. 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